[Syrupmakers] Chemical weed control in Sugar Cane

[DandCdean at cs.com]

Michael,

Here's the information I promised.  This was presented by Clyde Smith, then 
Regional IPM Agronomy Agent in Marianna, FL  I understand he has since retired.

CHEMICAL WEED CONTROL
       Help ensure early-season advantage.
       Combine with cultivation.
       Post emergence and directed most effective when cane is taller than 
weeds.

FALLOW LAND
       Glyphosate
             Many Brands, as Round-up.
             2 - 4 qts/ascre of 4L formulation.
             Controls most weeds and volunteer cane.

PRE-EMERGENCE - PLANT CANE
       Atrazine
             2 - 4 qts/acre of 4L formulation.
             Can be used as a split application.
                   2 qts pre-emergence fb 2 qts.
             Controls grasses and broadleaf (broadleaf is usually better).    

             A restricted use Pesticide.

PRE-EMERGENCE - PLANT CANE
       Diuron
             1.6 - 3.2 qts/acre of 4L formulation.
             Controls grasses and broadleaves (Broadleaf control usually 
lasts longer).
             Additional 1.6 qt. spray can be applied as a directed spray.

PRE-EMERGENCE - PLANT CANE
       Prowl
             2.4 to 3.6 qts/acre of 3.3 EC formulation.
             Controls most grasses and small-seeded broadleaves.
             Does not control emerged weeds.
             Can also apply as a lay-by treatment.

PRE-EMERGENCE - PLANT CANE
       Glyphosate
             3 - 4 qts/acre of most formulations.
             Apply prior to cane emergence
             Use higher rates for tough weeds.
             Can be tank-mixed with residual herbicides.

PRE-EMERGENCE - PLANT CANE
       Valor SX
             6 - 8 oz/acre (dry).
             Apply before cane emerges.
             If weeds are emerged, add oil or surfactant.
             Controls grasses and broadleaves.

PRE-EMERGENCE - RATOON CANE     
       Same herbicides as plant cane.
       Fertilize, cultivate, strike off and then apply herbicides.
       Tillage should not throw un-treated soil onto beds.

PRE-EMERGENCE TANK MIXES
       Existing weeds -- cane not emerged.
             Glyphosate plus Prowl.
             Atrazine or Diuron plus Prowl.
             Glyphosate plus Valor SX.
             Glysophate plus Atrazine or Diuron.
             Valor SX plus Prowl.

POST-EMERGENCE AND DIRECTED
       2,4-D - broadleaves.
       Atrazine - grasses and broadleaves.
       Asulam - small grasses.
       Envoke - Nutsedge, pirweed, grasses.
       Evik - annual grasses and broadleaves.
       Glyphosate - hooded applications.
       Sempra - mostly nutsedge.

WEED CONTROL
       Late season weeds -  more irritating.
       Early season weeds - more damaging.  Can become irritating.
       Crop needs uniform, rapid growth to canopy closure.
       Herbicides can help cultivation.

APPLICATION 
       Consistent - tractor is best.
       Can use an ATV or backpack.  Harder to be consistent.  Use lower end 
of rate range.
       Calibrate - 128th of an acre.

128TH OF AN ACRE
       340 square feet.
             18.5 x 18.5 - broadcast.
             Or 5 feet wide times 68 feet long.
             Or 4 feet wide times 85 feet long.
       Measure time it takes to cover the treated area.  Average of 3 times.
       Catch output for that amount of time.  Ounces caught equals gallons 
per acre.

EXAMPLE
       4' wide treated strip.
             340 (sq ft) divided by 4' equals 85' long.
       Average time to treat 4' x 85' strip, 14 seconds.
       Catch output for 14 seconds, equals 18 oz.
       You are putting out about 18 gallons per acre.

APPLYING 2.4 QT. PROWL PER ACRE
       18 gpa
       15 gallon tank.
             15/18 equals 0.83 acres per tank.
             0.83 x 2.4 (Prowl) equals 1.99 qt per tank.
       9 gal. would treat 1/2 acre.
             0.5 x 2.4 equals 1.2 qt per 9 gallons.

I have only used 2,4-D with my tractor sprayer one time and would love some 
input from some of you experienced growers who spray regularly.

Hope this helps.

                                                                              
       Don
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